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End Times Nations A
possible scenario for the beginning of the End Times Tracking
the future progress of global trends through a study of past, present, and
prophetic events. Most
who attempt to anticipate (even predict) the future do so by studying past
and present trends and projecting these into the future. For example, a demographer seeking to
develop population projections for a particular geography (city, county,
state, province, nation, region) might determine the rate of population
increase over the last 10, 20, 50, 100 years and project this rate into the
future, perhaps modifying his or her projections by factoring in such things
as past fluctuations in the rate of change, changing fertility rates,
migration trends, etc. However,
anticipating the future remains largely guesswork, and such projections can
prove totally inaccurate due to factors the demographer cannot, with any
certainty, anticipate (epidemics, wars, catastrophic natural disasters,
etc.) The Bible student looking into
the future has the advantage of Bible prophecy, which provides at least a
partial glimpse into what will be.
The Bible student can therefore project (it may be better to say
interpret) past and present trends along paths revealed in scripture, and
perhaps obtain a surer, if not necessarily a clearer, insight to what the
future holds. A
study of past and present trends, together with Bible teaching about the End
Times, might suggest that: America Internally divided on political, social and economic issues at
home and abroad (global terrorism, illegal aliens, outsourcing, shifting
international alliances, etc.); burdened by consumer and national debt and by
trade deficits; facing ever increasing costs of entitlements (Social
Security, Medicare and other social programs); abandoned by traditional
allies; over-extended militarily; and hamstrung by dependence on increasingly
expensive foreign oil - America loses its competitive edge in the expanding
global economy, curbs its global reach and shrinks its military commitments
abroad. Alternately America, as the world's first and only
hyper-power, may simply refuse the mantle of global imperium and turn inward,
allowing the rest of the world to sort itself out as best it can. Notes: 1. America is not mentioned in the bible,
& it may not feature prominently in the events of End Times prophecy I
hope. 2. America may soon enter a cyclical period
of crisis that could end with the nation weakened [William Strauss & Neil
Howe The Fourth Turning, an American Prophecy Broadway Books 1998] Elizabeth Becker UN Says US
Deficits Distort Global Economy New York Times 1/25/05 Global Policy
Forum [globalpolicy.org]; Paul M. Kennedy Watch Out
for the BRICs - Will Brazil, Russia, India, China Be Superpower? The
Seoul Times 4/27/05; F. William Engdahl Running
into a BRIC wall with Eurasia? Energy Bulletin 1/7/05
[energybulletin.net]; India And China: Oil-Patch
Partners? BusinessWeek Online 2/7/05
[businessweek.com]; John Lancaster & Rama
Lakshmi India, China Hoping to 'Reshape the World Order' Together Washington
Post Foreign Service 4/12/05. [washingtonpost.com]; China, India seek cooperation
in global oil quest Reuters 4/5/05
expressindia [expressindia.com]; Harish Dugh India, China
set to dethrone US expressindia 5/7/05 [expressindia.com]; Anatoliy Golitsyn The
Perestroika Deception Edward Harle 1998; Naill Ferguson Colossus
The Rise and Fall of the American Empire Penguin Books 2004 Israel Ezekiel 38: 7-12: [The
Sovereign LORD will say to Gog] "Get ready; be prepared, you and all the
hordes gathered about you, and take command of them. After many days you will be called to
arms. In future years you will invade
a land that has recovered from war, whose people were gathered from many
nations to the mountains of Israel, which had long been desolate. They had
been brought out from the nations, and now all of them live in safety. You and all your troops and the many
nations with you will go up, advancing like a storm; you will be like a cloud
covering the land." This is what
the Sovereign LORD says: "On that day thoughts will come into your mind
and you will devise an evil scheme.
You will say, "I will invade a land of unwalled villages;
I will attack a peaceful and unsuspecting people-all of them living
without walls and without gates and bars. I will plunder and loot and turn my hand against the
resettled ruins and the people gathered from the nations, rich in
livestock and goods, living at the center of the land." (NIV
- text in parenthesis added) Continuing the ingathering promised by God to their ancestors,
Israel redirects its strategic alliances away from America and towards
Europe, makes a cold peace with its Arab neighbors (including an independent
Palestine), and grows prosperous at the center of world affairs, believing
(falsely) that it is living in peace and safety. Notes: 1. The ingathering of the Jewish nation will
not be completed until after the Tribulation [Isa. 11: 11-16, Ezek. 37:
16-28, Zech. 10: 6-12, Rev. 7: 4-8] when all 12 tribes will occupy Greater
Israel the land originally promised to Abraham by God 'from the river of
Egypt [Nile River?] to the great river, the Euphrates' [in eastern Syria and
Iraq]. Gen. 15: 17-21 2. During the Yom Kippur War of 1973, Israeli
forces advanced to within 60 miles of Cairo [on the Nile] and to within 25
miles [artillery range] of Damascus [in Syria], before agreeing to a
cease-fire and withdrawal [MSN Encarta Encyclopedia - encarta.msn.com.] 3. Israel has the potential to become a major
terminus for energy transport for the Middle Eastern region, once peace is
achieved (Israel Energy Information Administration, Department of
Energy, U.S. Government 4/04 [eia.doe.gov]) Israel partners with an expanding Euro-Arab confederacy,
distancing itself from America & seeking a closer relationship with
Europe as America's regional/global influence wanes. Dan. 9: 27 Notes: NATO
update 2/23/05 NATO Secretary General visits Israel to discuss greater
cooperation [nato.int]; European
Union, External Relations, Israel [europa.eu.int]; Euro-Mediterranean Partnership/Barcelona Process [europa.eu.int/]; Martin
Walker Analysis: Israel weighing EU membership United Press
International 5/21/2003; Foreign Ministry warns Israel, Europe on collision course Haaretz Service and the Associated Press
10/13/04 [haaretz.com]; Israel Among the Nations Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
4/23/03 [mfa.gov.il]; Ze'ev
Boin, A Partnership with NATO? Haaretz International 2/25/05
[haaretz.com]; Sergei
Blagov Russia's gas dreams' Asia Times 1/13/05 [asiatimes.com]; Amiram
Cohen U.S. Checking on Possibility of Pumping Oil from Northern Iraq, via
Jordan' Haaretz 8/25/03 [haaretz.com] The Seventh Empire After Assyria, Egypt, Babylon, Persia, Grecia, and Rome [Rev.
17: 6-14] and rising out of Rome [Dan. 2: 40-43] Dan. 2:40-43: "Finally,
there will be a fourth kingdom [Rome the legs of iron], strong as iron-for
iron breaks and smashes everything-and as iron breaks things to pieces, so it
will crush and break all the others. Just
as you saw that the feet and toes were partly of baked clay and partly of
iron, so this [the successor to Rome: the Seventh Kingdom?] will be a divided
kingdom; yet it will have some of the strength of iron in it, even as you saw
iron mixed with clay. As the toes
were partly iron and partly clay, so this kingdom will be partly strong and
partly brittle. And just as you saw
the iron mixed with baked clay, so the people will be a mixture and will
not remain united, any more than iron mixes with clay." (NIV - text in parenthesis added) The European Union (EU) and the League of Arab States (Arab
League, or AL) move towards a lose confederacy comprising the nations
occupying most of the region once ruled by Rome. This alliance seeks global parity with America, if not global
dominance, and increases its involvement in the Middle East peace process. Note: At no time since Babel (the world's first
empire at the beginning of the age of empires) has an empire formed through a
voluntary union of peoples (Gen. 11: 1-9).
All subsequent empires formed primarily through military
conquests. The European Union could
become a modern-day 'empire of the willing' the first since Babel. European Union (EU) - Consolidating its membership in Eastern
Europe and the Balkans, together with its alliance with the Arab League (AL),
the European Union becomes more involved in Middle East security (to
guarantee its energy resources), supports the peace process between Israel
and surrounding Arab nations, and builds its military (to fill the power void
left behind by the retreat of America).
Islamic infiltration of European society, the result of massive
immigration from Arab League nations and declining European fertility rates,
facilitates the growing EU/AL alliance (Eurabia?). Notes: European
Union [europa.eu.int]; National
Intelligence Council Global Trends 2015 (See section: 'Europe') 12/00 [cia.gov/nic]; Naill
Ferguson Colossus The Rise and Fall of the American Empire Penguin
Books 2004 Arab League With member states plagued by population growth outpacing
economic growth, failure of effective governance, and cultural backlash from
westernizing influences through globalization, the AL as an organization
grows increasingly weak, fragmented, and irrelevant. Islamic leaders focus on strengthening
ties between Europeans and Arabs, but along Islamist cultural and theological
lines (Eurabia?). Notes: 1. Arab League [arableagueonline.org/]; National
Intelligence Council Global Trends 2015 (See section: 'The Middle East and North Africa') 12/00
[cia.gov/nic] 2. On the phenomenon of Eurabia - Robert
Spencer The Rise of "Eurabia" FrontPageMagazine.com 3/18/04;
Bat
Yeor European Fears of the Gathering Jihad FrontPageMagazine.com
2/21/03; Niall
Ferguson Eurabia? New York Times 4/4/04 The Ten Kings Dan. 7: 8: "While I was thinking
about the horns, there before me was another horn, a little one, which
came up among them; and three of the first horns were uprooted before it. This horn had eyes like the eyes of a man
and a mouth that spoke boastfully."
(NIV) Rev. 13: 1-2: And I
saw a beast coming out of the sea. He
had ten horns and seven heads, with ten crowns on his horns, and on each head
a blasphemous name. The beast I
saw resembled a leopard [Grecia], but had feet like those of a bear
[Media-Persia] and a mouth like that of a lion [Babylon]. The dragon gave the beast his power and
his throne and great authority. (NIV
- text in parenthesis added) Rev. 17: 12-14: The ten
horns you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but
who for one hour will receive authority as kings along with the beast. They have one purpose and will give their
power and authority to the beast.
They will make war against the Lamb, but the Lamb will overcome them
because he is Lord of lords and King of kings and with him will be his
called, chosen and faithful followers.
(NIV) Overview
Notes: PINR
Powers & Interest News Report Lines in the Sand; Western State Building in the Muslim World 1/26/05 [pinr.com]; Organization
of Islamic Conferences [oic-oci.org/index.asp]; National
Intelligence Council Global Trends 2015; A Dialogue About the Future with
Non-government Experts The Middle East and North Africa 12/2000
[cia.gov]; Mesopotamia Iraq Iraq fragments into Shiia, Sunni, and Kurdish autonomous
regions as America withdraws from the Middle East. The Shiia seize control of the southern Iraqi oil fields and
develop ties with Iran. The Kurds
seize control of the northern Iraqi oil fields and negotiate with Turkey,
Syria, and Iran for recognition and economic cooperation. The Sunni, backed by surrounding Sunni
Arab nations, negotiate a cold peace with the Shiia and Kurds for a share of
the oil revenues. Iraq could be
where the End Times Anti-Christ first gains power. Notes: Dr.
Nimrod Raphaeli Kirkuk: Between Kurdish Separatism and Iraqi Federalism
3/31/05 No.215 Middle East Media Research Institute [memri.org]; Peter
W. Galbraith As Iraqis Celebrate, the Kurds Hesitate The New York
Times 2/1/05 [also reported in the Kurdistan Observer
[KurdistanObserver.com]; Thanassis
Cambanis Fractured Iraq sees a Sunni call to arms Boston Globe 3/27/05 Kurdistan Kurdish nationalism continues to grow as Iraq
fragments. The Kurds of Northern Iraq
enter into a cold peace with the Sunni and Shiia autonomous regions of Iraq,
and with Iran, Syria and Turkey, and cooperate with efforts to establish
regional hegemony. Notes: Patriotic
Union of Kurdistan [pku.org]; KurdishMedia
United Kurdish Voice [kurdmedia.com]; Kurdistan
Observer [kurdistanobserver.com]; Kurdistan
Democratic Party [kdp.pp.se/] Syria Dependent on Iraqi (Kurdish controlled) oil exports for
revenue and bordered by hostile nations (Turkey to the north and Kurdistan to
the east), Syria makes a cold peace with the Kurds and Israel and cooperates
to establish regional hegemony. Notes: Syrian
Social Nationalist Party [ssnp.com]; What Motivated me to Establish the Syrian Social Nationalist
Party by
Antoun Saadeh [ssnp.com/new/library/saadeh/misc/en/motivated_1.htm]; Saif
Shahin Is Syria next on the U.S. Hit-list? Hindustan Times 4/14/03
[hindustantimes.com] Palestine Desiring peace, statehood and an end to endemic poverty,
Palestinian Arabs make a cold peace with Israel and cooperate to establish
regional hegemony. Lebanon Desiring release from Syrian dominance, Lebanon makes a
cold peace with Israel, reestablishes ties with the West, regains some of its
former status as a regional center for banking and trade, and cooperates to
establish regional hegemony. Jordan Surrounded by stronger nations and dependent on Iraqi oil
revenues and trade, Jordan continues its cold peace with Israel, remains the
weak man in the region, and cooperates to establish regional hegemony. Note: Jordan Energy Information Administration, Department of Energy, U.S.
Government 4/04 [eia.doe.gov]; Arabian Peninsula Southern Gulf States Desiring to counter growing Western,
Chinese and Indian influence in the region (all of whom want to secure energy
resources) and to lessen popular demands for political and economic reform,
the Southern Gulf States cooperate to establish regional hegemony. Notes: Hard Times for the House of Saud Eurasia Security Watch
No. 11, 12/23/03 American Foreign Policy Council [afpc.org]; Fareed
Zokaria Is Saudi Arabia Doomed? Newsweek 6/28/04; Robert
Harvey Global Disorder: Chapter 7 Oil and Saudi Arabia and
Chapter 17 The Kings Must Die Carroll and Graf Publishers 2003 Gog, Magog, and Allies Ezek.
38: 1-6: The word of the LORD came to
me: "Son of man, set your face against Gog, of the land of Magog, the
chief prince of Meshech [Turkey?] and Tubal [Armenia? Azerbajan?
Georgia?]; prophesy against him and say: 'This is what the Sovereign LORD
says: I am against you, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. I will turn you around, put hooks in your
jaws and bring you out with your whole army-your horses, your horsemen fully
armed, and a great horde with large and small shields, all of them brandishing
their swords. Persia [Iran,
Afghanistan?, Pakistan?], Cush [Sudan ancient Ethiopia] and Put
[Egypt and Libya] will be with them, all with shields and helmets, also Gomer
[Ukraine? Belarus?] with all its troops, and Beth Togarmah from the
far north [Russia?] with all its troops-the many nations with you. (NIV - text in parenthesis added) Turkey Failing to gain full entry into the European Union (EU) and
alarmed as the center of Arab unity and power gravitates towards Mesopotamia
and the Arabian Peninsula (i.e., on its southern border), Turkey seeks
stronger ties with Russia, Iran, and other regional non-Arab nations. Desiring trade with, and oil transit
revenues from, Iraq, and fearful of the aspirations of the Kurds within its
borders, Turkey makes a cold peace with the Kurds of Northern Iraq
(Kurdistan). Note: Amiram
Cohen U.S. Checking on Possibility of Pumping Oil from Northern Iraq, via
Jordan' Haaretz 8/25/03 [haaretz.com] Iran Alarmed as the center of Arab unity and power gravitates
towards Mesopotamia and the Arabian Peninsula (i.e., on its western border),
Iran seeks stronger ties with Turkey, Russia, China, and Central Asian
nations, continues to support the Shiia majority in southern Iraq, and
develops nuclear weapons, enhancing its status as a major regional
power. Fearful of the aspirations of
the Kurds within its borders, Iran makes a cold peace with the Kurds of
Northern Iraq (Kurdistan). Pakistan As American global influence wanes and India expands its
economic, political and military power throughout South Asia, Pakistan
develops alliances with Iran and Russia. Afghanistan As American global influence wanes, Afghanistan becomes a
weak partner in an emerging Iran/Pakistan/Russia axis. Notes: Muralidhar
Reddy Pakistan, Iran sign pacts to strengthen relations The Hindu
3/7/04 [hindu.com]; Sudha
Ramachandran 'Brothers' in arms Asia Times 3/18/05 [atimes.com]; Middle
East Institute Policy Brief Pakistan foreign policy toward Iran and
Afghanistan 4/12/05 [mideasti.org] Egypt As the Arab League weakens and the center of Arab unity and
power gravitates towards Mesopotamia and the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt seeks
stronger ties with Turkey, Iran and Russia. Libya As the Arab League weakens and the center of Arab unity and
power gravitates towards Mesopotamia and the Arabian Peninsula, Libya seeks
stronger ties with Turkey, Iran and Russia. Sudan As the Arab League weakens and the center of Arab unity and
power gravitates towards Mesopotamia and the Arabian Peninsula, Sudan seeks
stronger ties with Turkey, Iran and Russia. Russia To counter-balance growing European, Chinese and Indian
power and increasing Middle Eastern (Muslim) hegemony, Russia seeks alliances
in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, North Africa, and Central Asia, and promotes
closer ties with the European Union. Emergence of Russia, in alliance with other nations, as a
global economic power Ezek. 38-39, Isa. 66: 18-19 Notes: Paul
M. Kennedy Watch Out for the BRICs - Will Brazil, Russia, India, China Be
Superpower? The Seoul Times 4/27/05; F.
William Engdahl Running into a BRIC wall with Eurasia? Energy
Bulletin 1/7/05 [energybulletin.net]; Organization
of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation [bsec.gov.tr/] Russia continues to maintain influence in the Middle East Notes: Putin reassures Israel over Iran BBC News 4/23/05; Putin wants Moscow Mideast talks CNN 4/27/05 [cnn.com]; Hisham
Abu Taha Missile Sale to Syria Is No Threat to Israel, Says Putin
Aljazeerah 4/23/05 [aljazeerah.info/]; Lyuba
Pronina Russia Says It's Ready to Arm Saudi Arabia The Moscow Times
2/10/05 [themoscowtimes.com]; Saudi leader's visit to Russia brings key oil accord, closer
ties
Center for Defense Information #10 - RW 272 9/4/03 [cdi.org]; Sergei
Blagov Russia's gas dreams' Asia Times 1/13/05 [asiatimes.com] Russia seeks hegemony in Europe, 'from the Atlantic to the
Urals'? Note: Anatoliy Golitsyn The Perestroika
Deception Edward Harle 1998 Kings of the East Rev. 16: 12: The sixth
angel poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates, and its water was
dried up to prepare the way for the kings from the East. (NIV) China Developing economically, China builds its military, seeks
regional hegemony in Central and Southern Asia (cooperating with India), and
grows increasingly dependent on Middle Eastern energy resources. India Developing economically, India builds its military, seeks
regional hegemony in Central and Southern Asia (cooperating with China), and
grows increasingly dependent on Middle Eastern energy resources. Notes: India And China: Oil-Patch Partners?
BusinessWeek Online 2/7/05 [businessweek.com]; John
Lancaster & Rama Lakshmi India, China Hoping to 'Reshape the World
Order' Together Washington Post Foreign Service 4/12/05
[washingtonpost.com]; China, India seek cooperation in global oil quest Reuters 4/5/05
expressindia [expressindia.com]; Harish
Dugh India, China set to dethrone US expressindia 5/7/05
[expressindia.com] Anti-Christ Dan. 7: 23-27: He gave
me this explanation: 'The fourth beast is a fourth kingdom that will appear
on earth [Rome]. It will be different
from all the other kingdoms and will devour the whole earth, trampling it
down and crushing it. The ten horns
are ten kings who will come from this kingdom. After them another king will arise, different from the
earlier ones; he will subdue three kings [little horn that uproots
three]. He will speak against the
Most High and oppress his saints and try to change the set times and the
laws. The saints will be handed over to him for a time, times and half a
time. But the court will sit, and his
power will be taken away and completely destroyed forever. Then the sovereignty, power and greatness
of the kingdoms under the whole heaven will be handed over to the saints, the
people of the Most High. His kingdom
will be an everlasting kingdom, and all rulers will worship and obey
him.' (NIV - text in parenthesis
added) Dan. 8: 9-12, 19-26:
Out of one of them [one of the four horns of the goat, or Gercia] came
another horn, which started small but grew in power to the south and to
the east and toward the Beautiful Land.
It grew until it reached the host of the heavens, and it threw some of
the starry host down to the earth and trampled on them. It set itself up to be as great as the
Prince of the host; it took away the daily sacrifice from him, and the place of
his sanctuary was brought low.
Because of rebellion, the host of the saints and the daily sacrifice
were given over to it. It prospered
in everything it did, and truth was thrown to the ground. He said: "I am going to tell you what will happen later in
the time of wrath, because the vision concerns the appointed time of the
end. The two-horned ram that you saw
represents the kings of Media and Persia.
The shaggy goat is the king of Greece, and the large horn between his
eyes is the first king [Alexander the Great]. The four horns that replaced the one that was broken off
represent four kingdoms that will emerge from his nation but will not have
the same power. In the latter part
of their reign, when rebels have become completely wicked, a stern-faced
king, a master of intrigue, will arise.
He will become very strong, but not by his own power. He will cause astounding devastation and
will succeed in whatever he does. He will
destroy the mighty men and the holy people.
He will cause deceit to prosper, and he will consider himself
superior. When they feel secure, he
will destroy many and take his stand against the Prince of princes. Yet he will be destroyed, but not by human
power. The vision of the evenings and
mornings that has been given you is true, but seal up the vision, for it
concerns the distant future."
(NIV - text in parenthesis added) Rev. 13: 1-2: And I
saw a beast coming out of the sea. He
had ten horns and seven heads, with ten crowns on his horns, and on each head
a blasphemous name. The beast I
saw resembled a leopard [Grecia], but had feet like those of a bear
[Media-Persia] and a mouth like that of a lion [Babylon]. The dragon gave the beast his power and
his throne and great authority. (NIV
- text in parenthesis added) Rev. 17: 6-14. When I
saw her, I was greatly astonished.
Then the angel said to me: Why are you astonished? I will explain to you the mystery of
the woman [Babylon the Harlot] and of the beast she rides, which has
the seven heads and ten horns. The
beast, which you saw, once was, now is not, and will come up out of the Abyss
and go to his destruction. The
inhabitants of the earth whose names have not been written in the book of
life from the creation of the world will be astonished when they see the beast,
because he once was, now is not, and yet will come. This calls for a mind with wisdom. The seven heads are seven hills on which the woman
sits. They are also seven kings. Five have fallen [Egypt, Assyria,
Babylon, Persia, Grecia], one is [Rome], the other has not yet come;
but when he does come, he must remain for a little while [the last gentile
empire to seek Israel's destruction the EU/AL alliance?]. The beast who once was, and now is not,
is an eighth king. He belongs to
the seven and is going to his destruction.
The ten horns you saw are ten kings who have not yet
received a kingdom, but who for one hour will receive authority as kings
along with the beast. They have one
purpose and will give their power and authority to the beast. They will make war against the Lamb, but
the Lamb will overcome them because he is Lord of lords and King of kings
and with him will be his called, chosen and faithful followers. (NIV - text in parenthesis added) As America withdraws from the Middle East, a 10-nation
confederacy arises in the region once ruled by Babylon, Persia and Greece
(that part of the Middle East now occupied by Syria, Lebanon, Palestine,
Jordan, Iraq and the Arabian
Peninsula states). This confederacy
could provide the power base for the rise of the Beast from the Sea, who is
the last great End Times Anti-Christ, perhaps as the next Pan-Arabic or
Pan-Muslim leader, or khilafah. Anti-Christ as the next Pan-Arabic or Pan-Muslim leader, or
khilafah? (Little horn that subdues 3
horns: Turkey, Syria, Iran after Kurdistan gains independence upon break-up
of Iraq? Leopard [Empire of Grecia],
bear [Empire of Media], & lion [Empire of Babylon] geography of the
easternmost reaches of the Roman Empire modern Lebanon, Syria & Iraq.)
Dan 7: 3-8, Rev. 13: 2 & 17: 16-17
Notes: National
Intelligence Council Mapping the Global Future 12/04, Fictional
Scenario: A New Caliphate [cia.gov]; Khilafah.com
'what is the khilafah?'; The
Heritage Foundation [heritage.org/] word search 'khilafah' Anti-Christ becomes the leader of all or part of the Arab
League (AL)? (10 kings who give their
authority to Anti-Christ?) Rev. 17: 10-14, 16-17 Anti-Christ gains great influence in the West (EU) & in
the Middle East (Rev. 13: 1-2), extends influence throughout the world (Rev.
13: 3-4), & ushers in a period of temporary peace & prosperity. Mat. 24: 37- 39, I Thes. 5:3 (based on
free-flowing, but expensive, Arabian oil?) Note: By
2024, the Middle East will supply 2/3 of oil on global market [National
Geographic 6/04] & have 85%+ of global oil reserves [Institute For
Analysis of Global Security - iags.org]) |
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